Terapia con células madre de mastocitosis sistémica en Europa
How can stem cells help?
Aún se investigan los beneficios de un trasplante de células madre de donante.
Un estudio retrospectivo en 2006 evaluado 57 pacientes que cubren cada subtipo de mastocitosis sistémica. Each patient received an allogeneic stem cell transplant with either reduced intensity chemotherapy conditioning or myeloablative conditioning (where the patient’s bone marrow is wiped out). On the whole, myeloablative conditioning was more successful.
The study reported a 40% survival of patients with acute Systemic Mastocytosis, which is better than the rate for those who didn’t have transplantations. Researchers concluded that allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplants are relatively safe and outcomes can be promising. Sin embargo, more research is needed.
A recent study by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute investigated a reduced intensity chemotherapy preparatory regime, with no radiation prior to an allogeneic stem cell transplant, for patients with mastocytosis.
The aim was to see whether a stem cell transplant from a donor could target and destroy mast cells in a ‘graft-versus-mast cell’ effect, in a similar way that donated cells will target and destroy any residual tumours in the body after a transplant.
The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Centre has been trialling various preparatory regimes prior to allogeneic stem cell transplants for patients with haematological cancers, including Systemic Mastocytosis. They are also looking into combining this procedure with monoclonal antibodies to help guard against immune system responses like Graft-versus-Host Disease.
The Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center is comparing the survival rates of patients with diseases such as Systemic Mastocytosis who undergo haemopoietic stem cell transplants, with survival rates reported in the medical literature for patients who haven’t undergone a transplant. They are also looking into the success rates of reduced intensity protocols. Hopefully this will help improve stem cell transplants for patients with System Mastocytosis.
