Stem Cell Therapy for Liver Fibrosis: Una descripción general
Liver fibrosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, leading to the formation of scar tissue and impaired liver function. Terapia con células madre has emerged as a promising approach for treating liver fibrosis, Ofrece el potencial de regenerar el tejido hepático dañado y restaurar la función hepática..
Pathophysiology of Liver Fibrosis and Stem Cell Potential
Liver fibrosis is triggered by chronic liver injury, which activates hepatic stellate cells (HSC). HSCs differentiate into myofibroblasts, the main producers of extracellular matrix proteins. Células madre, due to their self-renewal and differentiation capabilities, have the potential to modulate the fibrotic process by inhibiting HSC activation, promoting hepatocyte regeneration, y reducir la inflamación.
Types of Stem Cells Used in Liver Fibrosis Treatment
Various types of stem cells have been investigated for liver fibrosis therapy, incluido:
- Células madre mesenquimales (MSC): Derivado de la médula ósea, tejido adiposo, o cordón umbilical, MSCs can differentiate into multiple cell types, including hepatocytes and cholangiocytes.
- Células madre hepáticas (HSC): Encontrado en el hígado, HSCs are responsible for liver regeneration and can be expanded in vitro for therapeutic use.
- Células madre embrionarias (ESC): Derived from blastocysts, ESCs have the potential to differentiate into any type of cell, offering a versatile source for liver fibrosis therapy.
