用于肝纤维化的干细胞疗法: 概述
Liver fibrosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, leading to the formation of scar tissue and impaired liver function. 干细胞疗法 has emerged as a promising approach for treating liver fibrosis, 提供再生受损的肝组织并恢复肝功能的潜力.
Pathophysiology of Liver Fibrosis and Stem Cell Potential
Liver fibrosis is triggered by chronic liver injury, which activates hepatic stellate cells (HSC). HSCs differentiate into myofibroblasts, the main producers of extracellular matrix proteins. 干细胞, due to their self-renewal and differentiation capabilities, have the potential to modulate the fibrotic process by inhibiting HSC activation, promoting hepatocyte regeneration, 并减少炎症.
Types of Stem Cells Used in Liver Fibrosis Treatment
已经研究了各种类型的干细胞进行肝纤维化治疗, 包括:
- 间充质干细胞 (MSC): 源自骨髓, 脂肪组织, 或脐带, MSCs can differentiate into multiple cell types, 包括肝细胞和胆管细胞.
- 肝干细胞 (HSC): 在肝脏中发现, HSCs are responsible for liver regeneration and can be expanded in vitro for therapeutic use.
- 胚胎干细胞 (逃脱): Derived from blastocysts, ESCs have the potential to differentiate into any type of cell, offering a versatile source for liver fibrosis therapy.