Standard Therapies with blood-forming stem cells These are diseases for which transplants of blood-forming stem cells (Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplants, GCSH) are a standard treatment. For some diseases they are the only therapy, and in other diseases they are only employed when front-line therapies have failed or the disease is very aggressive. The lists below include ALL therapies that use blood-forming stem cells, without distinction as to whether the stem cells were extracted from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or cord blood. Most of the diseases for which HSCT is a standard treatment are disorders of blood cell lineage. The proliferation by which blood cells are formed from stem cells is illustrated in the side graphic (click on the image to expand it); you can also read about specific cell types in the immune system in more detail. In the United States, most health insurance providers will pay for a stem cell transplant if it is a « standard therapy » for the patients diagnosis. Leukemia is a cancer of the blood immune system, where the cells are called leukocytes or white cells Diagnosis Allogeneic Autologous Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) ✔ Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) ✔ Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia ✔ Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia ✔ Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) ✔ Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) ✔ Juvenile Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (JCML) ✔ Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML) ✔ Myelodysplastic Syndromes are also called pre-leukemia Diagnosis Allogeneic Autologous Refractory Anemia ✔ Refractory Anemia with Ringed Sideroblasts (Sideroblastic anemia) ✔ Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts ✔ Refractory Anemia with Excess Blasts in Transformation ✔ Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) ✔ Lymphoma is a cancer of the leukocytes that circulate in the blood and lymph vessels Diagnosis Allogeneic Autologous Hodgkins Lymphoma ✔ ✔ Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (Burkitts Lymphoma) ✔ Other Disorders of Blood Cell Proliferation Diagnosis Allogeneic Autologous Anemias are deficiencies or malformations of red cells: … … Aplastic Anemia ✔ Fanconi Anemia (The first cord blood transplant in 1988 was for FA, an inherited disorder) ✔ Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia ✔ Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) ✔ Inherited Red Cell Abnormalities Red cells contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen to the body: … … Sickle Cell Disease ✔ Beta Thalassemia Major (aka Cooleys Anemia) ✔ Diamond-Blackfan Anemia ✔ Pure Red Cell Aplasia ✔ Inherited Platelet Abnormalities Platelets are blood cells needed for clotting: … … Amegakaryocytosis / Congenital Thrombocytopenia ✔ Glanzmann Thrombasthenia ✔ Inherited Immune System Disorders: Severe Combined Immunodeficiency: … … SCID with Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency (ADA-SCID) ✔ SCID which is X-linked ✔ SCID with absence of T & B Cells ✔ SCID with absence of T Cells, Normal B Cells ✔ Omenn Syndrome ✔ Inherited Immune System Disorders: Neutropenias … … Infantile Genetic Agranulocytosis (Kostmann Syndrome) ✔ Myelokathexis ✔ Inherited Immune System Disorders: Other … … Ataxia-Telangiectasia ✔ Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome ✔ Common Variable Immunodeficiency ✔ DiGeorge Syndrome ✔ Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis ✔ Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency ✔ Lymphoproliferative Disorders ✔ Lymphoproliferative Disorder, X-linked (Susceptibility to Epstein-Barr virus) ✔ Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome ✔ Myeloproliferative Disorders: … … Acute Myelofibrosis ✔ Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia (Myelofibrosis) ✔ Polycythemia Vera ✔ Essential Thrombocythemia ✔ Phagocyte Disorders These are immune system cells that engulf and kill foreign organisms: … … Chediak-Higashi Syndrome ✔ Chronic Granulomatous Disease ✔ Neutrophil Actin Deficiency ✔ Reticular Dysgenesis ✔ Bone Marrow Cancers: … … Multiple Myeloma ✔ ✔ Plasma Cell Leukemia ✔ ✔ Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia ✔ ✔ Transplants for Inherited Disorders of the Immune System & Other Organs Diagnosis Allogeneic Autologous Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia ✔ Erythropoietic Porphyria ✔ Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome ✔ Pearsons Syndrome ✔ Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome ✔ Systemic Mastocytosis ✔ Transplants for Inherited Metabolic Disorders Diagnosis Allogeneic Autologous Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) Storage Diseases: … … Hurler Syndrome (MPS-IH) ✔ Scheie Syndrome (MPS-IS) ✔ Hunter Syndrome (MPS-II) ✔ Sanfilippo Syndrome (MPS-III) ✔ Morquio Syndrome (MPS-IV) ✔ Maroteaux-Lamy Syndrome (MPS-VI) ✔ Sly Syndrome (MPS-VII) (beta-glucuronidase deficiency) ✔ Mucolipidosis II (I-cell Disease) ✔ Leukodystrophy Disorders: … … Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) ✔ Krabbe Disease(Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy) ✔ Metachromatic Leukodystrophy ✔ Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease ✔ Lysosomal Storage Diseases: … … Niemann-Pick Disease ✔ Sandhoff Disease ✔ Wolman Disease ✔ Other Inherited Metabolic Disorders: … … Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome ✔ Osteopetrosis ✔ Solid tumors not originating in the blood or immune system Diagnosis Allogeneic Autologous Neuroblastoma ✔ Medulloblastoma ✔ Retinoblastoma ✔ Diseases and Disorders that have been in Clinical Trials with Cord Blood or Cord Tissue Cells A « essai clinique » is a study in human patients for an emerging therapy that has not been adopted as standard therapy. This website has pages that enable patients to search worldwide for currently recruiting clinical trials with ether cord blood or umbilical cord tissue MSC. The table below checks off all diagnoses that have ever been treated in clinical trials with cord blood or cord tissue, regardless of whether the trials are still open. The phases of U.S. clinical trials in humans are defined as follows (in other countries phases may be different): Phase 1: Safety study to see if the procedure or drug is well-tolerated. Phase 2: Larger study to measure effectiveness of the new treatment against a control group. Phase 3: Even larger study to compare the effect of various parameters such as dose and administration, and to monitor side effects prior to market release. Phase 4: Post-marketing studies to learn even more about risks, benefits, and optimal use. Neurologic Disorder Diagnosis Cord Blood Allogeneic Cord Blood Autologous Cord Tissue Allogeneic Alzheimers disease ✔ ✔ Autism ✔ ✔ ✔ Cerebral Palsy ✔ ✔ ✔ Encephalopathy ✔ Global Developmental Delay ✔ ✔ Hearing Loss (acquired sensorineural) ✔ Intraventricular Hemorrhage ✔ ✔ Parkinsons disease ✔ ✔ Spinal Cord Injury ✔ ✔ Stroke ✔ ✔ ✔ Traumatic Brain Injury ✔ ✔ ✔ Auto-Immune Disorders Diagnosis Cord Blood Allogeneic Cord Blood Autologous Cord Tissue Allogeneic Alopecia Areata ✔ Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (SI) ✔ ✔ Crohns Disease ✔ Eczema (La dermatite atopique) ✔ Graft-versus-Host Disease (GvHD) ✔ ✔ Lupus ✔ ✔ Multiple Sclerosis ✔ Psoriasis ✔ Rheumatoid Arthritis ✔ ✔ Scleroderma Systemic Sclerosis ✔ Ulcerative Colitis ✔ Cardiovascular Diagnosis Cord Blood Allogeneic Cord Blood Autologous Cord Tissue Allogeneic Acute Myocardial Infarction (Crise cardiaque) ✔ Cardiomyopathy ✔ Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI) ✔ ✔ Heart Failure ✔ Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) ✔ ✔ Surgery for Congenital Heart Defects ✔ Diabetic Diagnosis Cord Blood Allogeneic Cord Blood Autologous Cord Tissue Allogeneic Diabetes, Taper 1 (this is Auto-Immune) ✔ ✔ Diabetes, Taper 2 ✔ ✔ ✔ Diabetic Foot Ulcer ✔ Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ✔ Genetic and/or Metabolic Disorders Diagnosis Cord Blood Allogeneic Cord Blood Autologous Cord Tissue Allogeneic Aging Frailty ✔ ✔ Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ✔ Epidermolysis Bullosa ✔ Hereditary Ataxia ✔ Lysosomal Storage Diseases ✔ Metabolic Syndrome ✔ Severe Combined Immunodeficiency ✔ Spinal muscular atrophy ✔ Tay-Sachs Disease ✔ Orthopedic Diagnosis Cord Blood Allogeneic Cord Blood Autologous Cord Tissue Allogeneic Ankylosing Spondylitis ✔ Cartilage Injury ✔ ✔ Cleft Palate Repair ✔ Non-Union Fractures ✔ Osteoarthritis ✔ ✔ Osteochondral Lesion ✔ Spinal Fusion Surgery ✔ Other Diagnosis Cord Blood Allogeneic Cord Blood Autologous Cord Tissue Allogeneic Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (SDRA) ✔ BronchoPulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) (lung disorder due to premature birth) ✔ ✔ Erectile Dysfunction ✔ Eye Diseases ✔ ✔ Fistula ✔ HIV ✔ Kidney Failure ✔ Liver Cirrhosis ✔ ✔ Liver Failure ✔ ✔ Peyronies Disease ✔ Premature Ovarian Failure ✔ ✔ Uterine Scars ✔ Wounds ✔ Experimental Treatments To learn more about cord blood banking, visit Parents Guide to Cord Blood Foundation at https://parentsguidecordblood.org/en/diseases


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