1. Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Liver Injury: Ein vielversprechender Ansatz
Ischemic liver injury, a severe condition resulting from restricted blood flow to the liver, poses a significant challenge in transplantation and surgical procedures. Stammzelltherapie has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy, bietet das Potenzial, geschädigtes Lebergewebe zu regenerieren und die Leberfunktion wiederherzustellen.
2. Pathophysiology of Ischemic Liver Injury and Stem Cell Intervention
Ischemic liver injury occurs when blood flow to the liver is obstructed, leading to cellular hypoxia and oxidative stress. This triggers a cascade of events, including hepatocyte apoptosis, Entzündung, und Fibrose. Stammzellen, with their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties, can intervene at various stages of this process, Förderung der Gewebereparatur und der funktionellen Wiederherstellung.
3. Types of Stem Cells Used in Ischemic Liver Injury Treatment
Various types of stem cells have been investigated for ischemic liver injury treatment, einschließlich:
- Embryonale Stammzellen (ESCs): Pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass of blastocysts.
- Induzierte pluripotente Stammzellen (iPSCs): Reprogrammed somatic cells that exhibit pluripotency similar to ESCs.
- Mesenchymale Stammzellen (MSCs): Multipotent stromal cells found in various tissues, wie Knochenmark und Fettgewebe.
- Hepatic stem cells (HSCs): Progenitor cells residing within the liver.
4. Wirkmechanismen von Stammzellen bei der Leberregeneration
Stem cells contribute to liver regeneration through several mechanisms:
- Differenzierung: Stem cells can differentiate into mature hepatocytes and other liver cell types, beschädigtes Gewebe ersetzen.
- Parakrine Effekte: Stem cells secrete growth factors, Zytokine, and other molecules that promote liver cell proliferation, Migration, und Überleben.
- Immunmodulation: Stem cells regulate immune responses, Reduzierung von Entzündungen und Fibrose, which are detrimental to liver regeneration.
