Stem Cell Therapy as a Novel Approach for Chronic Hepatitis B
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a global health concern, affecting over 250 million people worldwide. Despite the availability of antiviral therapies, a significant proportion of patients fail to achieve sustained virological response, leading to disease progression and an increased risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising novel approach for CHB, offering the potential for a functional cure by targeting the underlying mechanisms of viral persistence and liver damage.
Mechanisms of Stem Cell Action in Hepatitis B Infection
Stem cells possess unique properties that make them suitable for treating CHB. These include their ability to differentiate into various cell types, including hepatocytes, which are the primary target of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Stem cells can also secrete paracrine factors that exert immunomodulatory and antiviral effects. By replacing damaged hepatocytes, reducing inflammation, and inhibiting viral replication, stem cells may contribute to liver regeneration and disease resolution.
Preclinical Studies and Animal Models in Stem Cell Therapy for Hepatitis B
Preclinical studies in animal models have demonstrated the potential of stem cell therapy for CHB. In these studies, stem cells have been shown to improve liver function, reduce viral load, and promote hepatocyte regeneration. However, the optimal stem cell source, delivery method, and timing of intervention still need to be determined. Further research is necessary to translate these preclinical findings into successful clinical applications.
