Fluphenazine, sold under the brand names Prolixin among others, is an antipsychotic medication.[1] It is used in the treatment of chronic psychoses such as schizophrenia,[1][2] and appears to be about equal in effectiveness to low-potency antipsychotics like chlorpromazine.[3] It is given by mouth, injection into a muscle, or just under the skin.[1] There is also a long acting injectable version that may last for up to four weeks.[1] Fluphenazine decanoate, the depot injection form of fluphenazine, should not be used by people with severe depression.[4]
Common side effects include movement problems, sleepiness, depression and increased weight.[1] Serious side effects may include neuroleptic malignant syndrome, low white blood cell levels, and the potentially permanent movement disorder tardive dyskinesia.[1] In older people with psychosis as a result of dementia it may increase the risk of dying.[1] It may also increase prolactin levels which may result in milk production, enlarged breasts in males, iktidarsızlık, and the absence of menstrual periods.[1] It is unclear if it is safe for use in pregnancy.[1]
Fluphenazine is a typical antipsychotic of the phenothiazine class.[1] Its mechanism of action is not entirely clear but believed to be related to its ability to block dopamine receptors.[1] In up to 40% of those on long term phenothiazines, liver function tests become mildly abnormal.[5]
Fluphenazine came into use in 1959.[6] The injectable form is on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines.[7] It is available as a generic medication.[1] It was discontinued in Australia around mid 2017.[8]
Tıbbi kullanım
A 2018 Cochrane review found that fluphenazine was an imperfect treatment and other inexpensive drugs less associated with side effects may be an equally effective choice for people with schizophrenia.[9]
Yan etkiler
Durdurma
İngiliz Ulusal Formülleri, akut yoksunluk sendromunu veya hızlı nüksetmeyi önlemek için antipsikotikler kesilirken kademeli olarak geri çekilmeyi önermektedir.[10] Yoksunluk belirtileri genellikle mide bulantısını içerir, kusma, ve iştah kaybı.[11] Diğer belirtiler arasında huzursuzluk yer alabilir, artan terleme, ve uyku sorunu.[11] Daha az sıklıkla dünyanın döndüğü hissi olabilir, uyuşma, veya kas ağrıları.[11] Belirtiler genellikle kısa bir süre sonra düzelir.[11]
Antipsikotiklerin kesilmesinin psikozla sonuçlanabileceğine dair kesin olmayan kanıtlar vardır.[12] Ayrıca tedavi edilen durumun tekrar ortaya çıkmasına neden olabilir.[13] İlaç kesildiğinde nadiren tardif diskinezi ortaya çıkabilir.[11]
Farmakoloji
Pharmacodynamics
See also: Antipsychotic § Pharmacodynamics, and Antipsychotic § Comparison of medications
Fluphenazine acts primarily by blocking post-synaptic D2 receptors in the basal ganglia, cortical and limbic system. It also blocks alpha-1 adrenergic receptors, muscarinic-1 receptors, and histamine-1 receptors.[14][15]
Mevcut klinik programların olup olmadığını öğrenmekle ilgileniyorum, araştırma gelişmeleri, veya ortaya çıkan terapötik yaklaşımlar sizin durumunuzla ilgili olabilir?
Yalnızca eğitim ve araştırma bilgileri. Bireysel tıbbi kararlar nitelikli sağlık uzmanlarına danışılarak verilmelidir..
